Client-side Scripting Languages
Client side Scripting :
To view a website, user has to use a browser. This browser can be termed as a client. The client can use different technologies like mobile phones, laptops, computers, tablets etc., to view the websites. Here the client side scripting is being used and processed. The client-side scripting is performed by a
browser.Client-side scripting simply means running scripts, such as JavaScript, on the client device, usually within a browser. All kinds of scripts can run on the client side if they are written in JavaScript, because
JavaScript is universally supported.
Client-side scripting generally refers to the class of computer programs on the web that are executed client-side, by the user’s web browser, instead of server-side (on the web server). This type of computer programming is an important part of the Dynamic HTML (DHTML) concept, enabling web pages to be scripted.
It performed to generate a code that can run on the client end (browser) without needing the server side processing. Basically, these types of scripts are placed inside an HTML document. The client-side scripting can be used to examine the user's form for the errors before submitting it and for changing the content according to the user input. The web requires three elements for its functioning which are client, server and database. The effective client-side scripting can significantly reduce the server load. It is designed to run as a scripting language utilizing a web browser as a host program.
Client side scripting languages:
HTML:-
HTML developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1993. Since then, there have been many different versions of HTML. The most widely used version throughout the 2000's was HTML 4.01, which became an official standard in December 1999. Another version, XHTML, was a rewrite of HTML as an XML language
The HyperText Markup Language or HTML is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It is the basic building blocks of web programming which provides the facility to create web pages for the website. It describes the arrangement of the content.
HTML is the language for describing the structure of Web pages. HTML gives authors the means to Publish online documents with headings, text, tables, lists, photos, etc. Retrieve online information via hypertext links, at the click of a button.
It is easy to learn and easy to use. It is platform-independent. Images, videos, and audio can be added to a web page.Hypertext can be added to the text.It is a markup language.HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the basic scripting language used by web browsers to render pages on the world wide web. The World Wide Web began life in the place where you would least expect it: at CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Geneva, Switzerland.
CSS:- 
CSS provides the way to design the graphic elements which help in making the appearance of the web. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language such as HTML or XML (including XML dialects such as SVG, MathML or XHTML). CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript.
CSS, is a simply designed language intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable. CSS allows you to apply styles to web pages. More importantly, CSS enables you to do this independent of the HTML that makes up each web page. It describes how a webpage should look: it prescribes colors, fonts, spacing, and much more. In short, you can make your website look however you want. CSS lets developers and designers define how it behaves, including how elements are positioned in the browser.
HTML pages. You can define a style for each HTML element and apply it to as many
web pages.
Pages load faster:-
If you are using CSS, you do not need to write HTML tag attributes every time. Just write one CSS rule of a tag and apply it to all the occurrences of that tag. So, less code means faster download times.
Easy maintenance:-
To make a global change, simply change the style, and all the elements in all the web pages will be updated automatically.
Superior styles to HTML:-
CSS has a much wider array of attributes than HTML, so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in comparison to HTML attributes.
Multiple Device Compatibility:-
Style sheets allow content to be optimized for more than one type of device. By using the same HTML document, different versions of a website can be presented for handheld devices such as PDAs and cellphones or for
printing.
Global web standards:-
Now HTML attributes are being deprecated and it is being recommended to use CSS. So it’s a good idea to start using CSS in all the HTML pages to make them compatible with future browsers.
JavaScript:
JavaScript is a text-based programming language used both on the client-side and server-side that allows you to make web pages interactive .JavaScript is a dynamic programming language that's used for web development, in web applications, for game development, and lots more. Where HTML and CSS are languages that give structure and style to web pages, JavaScript gives web pages interactive elements that engage a user. It is also a client-side scripting language which essentially designed for the specific purpose, but currently there are various JavaScript frameworks used as server-side scripting technology. Incorporating JavaScript improves the user experience of the web page by converting it from a static page into an interactive one. To recap, JavaScript adds behavior to web pages.
Show or hide more information with the click of a button. Change the color of a button when the mouse hovers over it
Slide through a carousel of images on the homepage. Zooming in or zooming out on an image. Displaying a timer or count-down on a website. Playing audio and video in a web page.Displaying animations. Using a drop-down hamburger menu.
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